Compared with other cutting methods such as turning, milling, and planing, grinding has the following characteristics:
(1) Grinding speed is very high, reaching 30-50 m/s; grinding temperature is high, reaching 1000℃-1500℃; the grinding process lasts very short, only about one ten-thousandth of a second.
(2) Grinding can achieve high machining accuracy and very low surface roughness.
(3) Grinding can process not only soft materials, such as unquenched steel and cast iron, but also quenched steel and other hard materials that cannot be processed by cutting tools, such as ceramics and cemented carbide.
(4) The depth of cut during grinding is very small, and the metal layer that can be removed in one stroke is very thin.
(5) During grinding, a large amount of fine grinding chips fly out from the grinding wheel, and a large amount of metal shavings splash from the workpiece. Both grinding chips and metal shavings can cause eye damage to the operator, and inhaling the dust can also be harmful to the body.
(6) Due to poor grinding wheel quality, improper storage, inappropriate specifications, eccentric installation, or excessive feed speed, the grinding wheel may break during grinding, resulting in serious injury to the worker.
(7) When performing manual operations near a rotating grinding wheel, such as grinding tools, cleaning workpieces, or using incorrect grinding wheel dressing methods, the worker's hands may come into contact with the grinding wheel or other moving parts of the grinding machine, causing injury.
(8) The noise generated during grinding can reach over 110 dB. Without noise reduction measures, this can also affect health.